Biology Faculty Articles
Submissions from 2002
Eighteen Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for the Highly Endangered Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti) and Related Species, Begoña Martinez-Cruz, Victor A. David, Jose A. Godoy, Juan J. Negro, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Epistatic Interaction Between KIR3DS1 and HLA-B Delays the Progression to AIDS, Maureen P. Martin, Xiaojiang Gao, Jeong-Hee Lee, George W. Nelson, Roger Detels, James J. Goedert, Susan Buchbinder, Keith Hoots, David Vlahov, John Trowsdale, Michael Wilson, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Mary Carrington
Sequencing the Genome of the Domestic Cat Felis catus, Stephen J. O'Brien, Eric S. Lander, M. E. Haskins, Urs Giger, Niels C. Pederson, David E. Wildt, William J. Murphy, Naoya Yuhki, and Marilyn Menotti-Raymond
The Feline Genome Project, Stephen J. O'Brien, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, William J. Murphy, and Naoya Yuhki
Faecal Genetic Analysis to Determine the Presence and Distribution of Elusive Carnivores: Design and Feasibility for the Iberian Lynx, F. Palomares, Jose A. Godoy, A. Piriz, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Naked Amoebae of the Salton Sea, Andrew Rogerson and Gwen Hauer
Evaluating the use of roving diver and transect surveys to assess the coral reef fish assemblage off southeastern Hispaniola, Emily F. Schmitt Lavin, Robert D. Sluka, and Kathleen M. Sullivan-Sealey
HIV-1 Infection in Individuals With the CCR5-Δ32/Δ32 Genotype: Acquisition of Syncytium-Inducing Virus at Seroconversion, Haynes W. Sheppard, Nelson L. Michael, Stephen J. O'Brien, Michael Dean, Mary Carrington, Dale Dondero, and Susan Buchbinder
Genetic Identification of Pelagic Shark Body Parts for Conservation and Trade Monitoring, Mahmood S. Shivji, Shelley C. Clarke, Melissa Pank, Lisa Natanson, Nancy Kohler, and GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals
Phylogenetic analysis identifies the invertebrate pathogen Helicosporidium sp. as a green alga (Chlorophyta), Aurelien Tartar, Drion G. Boucias, Byron J. Adams, and James J. Becnel
HLA-Cw*04 and Hepatitis C Virus Persistence, Chloe L. Thio, Xiaojiang Gao, James J. Goedert, David Vlahov, Kenrad E. Nelson, Margaret Hilgartner, Stephen J. O'Brien, Peter Karacki, Jacquie Astemborski, Mary Carrington, and David L. Thomas
The Importance of Assessing Effect Modification When Asserting Racial Differences in Associations Between Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II Alleles and Hepatitis C Virus Outcomes, Chloe L. Thio, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Mary Carrington
Conservation Genetics of the Far Eastern Leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis), Olga Uphyrkina, Dale Miquelle, Howard Quigley, Carlos A. Driscoll, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Nonpathogenic Lion and Puma Lentiviruses Impart Resistance to Superinfection by Virulent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, Sue VandeWoude, Catherine A. Hageman, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Edward A. Hoover
Immunologic Profile of Highly Exposed Yet HIV Type 1-Seronegative Men, Otto Yang, W. John Boscardin, Jose Matud, Mary Ann Hausner, Lance E. Hultin, Patricia M. Hultin, Roger Shih, John Ferbas, Frederick P. Siegal, Michael Shodell, Gene M. Shearer, Edith Grene, Mary Carrington, Stephen J. O'Brien, Charles B. Price, Roger Detels, Beth D. Jamieson, and Janis Giorgi
Submissions from 2001
Comparative Feline Genomics: A BAC/PAC Contig Map of the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Region, Thomas W. Beck, Joan C. Menninger, Ginny Voigt, Kimberly Newmann, Yoko Nishigaki, William G. Nash, Robert M. Stephens, Yu Wang, Pieter J. de Jong, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Naoya Yuhki
MHC Class I Molecules and Progression to AIDS, Mary Carrington, Xiaojiang Gao, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Considering Genetic Profiles in Functional Studies of Immune Responsiveness to HIV-1, Mary Carrington, George Nelson, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Patterns of Size Homoplasy at 10 Microsatellite Loci in Pumas (Puma concolor), Melanie Culver, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Hepatitis C Virus Load is Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease Progression in Hemophiliacs, Eric S. Daar, Henry Lynn, Sharyne Donfield, Edward Gomperts, Stephen J. O'Brien, Margaret Hilgartner, Keith Hoots, David Chernoff, Steven Arkin, W.-Y. Wong, Cheryl Winkler, and Hemophilia Growth and Development Study
Phylogeography, Population History and Conservation Genetics of Jaguars (Panthera onca, Mammalia, Felidae), Eduardo Eizirik, Jae-Heup Kim, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Peter G. Crawshaw Jr., Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Molecular Dating and Biogeography of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation, Eduardo Eizirik, William J. Murphy, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Effect of a Single Amino Acid Change in MHC Class I Molecules on the Rate of Progression to AIDS, Xiaojiang Gao, George W. Nelson, Peter Karacki, Maureen P. Martin, John Phair, Richard A. Kaslow, James J. Goedert, Susan Buchbinder, Keith Hoots, David Vlahov, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Mary Carrington
Platyamoeba pseudovannellida N. Sp., a Naked Amoeba With Wide Salt Tolerance Isolated from the Salton Sea, California, Gwen Hauer, Andrew Rogeson, and O. Roger Anderson
Validation of Genetic Case-Control Studies in AIDS and Application to the CX3CR1 Polymorphism, Houria Hendel, Cheryl Winkler, Ping An, Elisabeth Roemer-Binns, George Nelson, Philippe Haumont, Stephen J. O'Brien, Kamel Khalilli, Jean-Francois Zagury, Jay Rappaport, and Jean-Francois Zagury
Structure and patterns of sequence variation in the mitochondrial DNA control region of the great cats, Kim Jae-Heup, E. Eizirik, S. J. O'Brien, and W. E. Johnson
Structure and Patterns of Sequence Variation in the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region of the Great Cats, Jae-Heup Kim, Eduardo Eizirik, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Patterns of Genetic Diversity in Remaining Giant Panda Populations, Zhi Lu, Warren E. Johnson, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Naoya Yuhki, Janice S. Martenson, Susan Mainka, Huang Shi-Qiang, Zheng Zhihe, Guanghan Li, Wenshi Pan, Xiarong Mao, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Surgical Management of Dyslipidemia: Clinical and Experimental Evidence, Mohammed H. Moghadasian, Jiri J. Frohlich, Mir Saleem, Jong-Myeon Hong, Karim Qayumi, and Charles H. Scudamore
Molecular Phylogenetics and the Origins of Placental Mammals, William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Warren E. Johnson, Ya Ping Zhang, Oliver A. Ryder, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics, William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Stephen J. O'Brien, Ole Madsen, Mark Scally, Christophe J. Douady, Emma Teeling, Oliver A. Ryder, Michael J. Stanhope, Wilfried W. de Jong, and Mark S. Springer
A Radiation Hybrid Mapping Panel for the Rhesus Macacque, William J. Murphy, J. E. Page, C. Smith Jr., Ronald C. Desrosiers, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Evolution of mammalian genome organization inferred from comparative gene mapping, W. J. Murphy, R. Stanyon, and S. J. O'Brien
The Pattern of Phylogenomic Evolution of the Canidae, William G. Nash, Joan C. Menninger, Johannes Wienberg, Hesed M. Padilla-Nash, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Cell Culture Forensics, Stephen J. O'Brien
On Choosing Mammalian Genomes for Sequencing, Stephen J. O'Brien, Eduardo Eizirik, and William J. Murphy
HLA and AIDS: A Cautionary Tale, Stephen J. O'Brien, Xiaojiang Gao, and Mary Carrington
Canine and Feline Parvoviruses Can Use Human or Feline Transferrin Receptors to Bind, Enter, and Infect Cells, John S. L. Parker, William J. Murphy, Dai Wang, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Colin R. Parrish
Canine and feline parvoviruses can use human or feline transferrin receptors to bind, enter, and infect cells, J. S.L. Parker, W. J. Murphy, D. Wang, S. J. O'Brien, and C. R. Parrish
Genetic Evidence for Two Species of Elephant in Africa, Alfred L. Roca, Nicholas Georgiadis, Jill Pecon-Slattery, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Numbers of naked amoebae inhabiting the intertidal zone of two geographically seperate sandy beaches, Andrew Rogerson, Fiona Hannah, Gwen Hauer, and Phillip Cowie
rPatterns of mtDNA and Microsatellite Variation in an Island and Mainland Population of Guanacos in Southern Chile, Ronald J. Sarno, William L. Franklin, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Site-Dependent Differences in Artificial Reef Function: Implications for Coral Reef Restoration, Robin L. Sherman, David S. Gilliam, and Richard E. Spieler
Markers for Mapping by Admixture Linkage Disequilibrium in African American and Hispanic Populations, Michael W. Smith, J. A. Lautenberger, Hyoung Doo Shin, Jean-Paul Chretien, Sadeep Shrestha, Dennis A. Gilbert, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Artificial Substrate and Coral Reef Restoration: What Do We Need to Know to Know What We Need, Richard E. Spieler, David S. Gilliam, and Robin L. Sherman
Integration of the Feline Radiation Hybrid and Linkage Maps, Shan Sun, William J. Murphy, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Racial Differences in HLA Class II Associations with Hepatitis C Virus Outcomes, Chloe L. Thio, David L. Thomas, James J. Goedert, David Vlahov, Kenrad E. Nelson, Margaret Hilgartner, Stephen J. O'Brien, Peter Karacki, Darlene Marti, Jacquie Astemborski, and Mary Carrington
Phylogenetics, Genome Diversity and Origin of Modern Leopard, Panthera pardus, Olga Uphyrkina, Warren E. Johnson, Howard Quigley, Dale Miquelle, L. Marker, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Gross Brain Morphology in the Yellow Stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis, Brian K. Walker and Robin L. Sherman
Immunologic and Virologic Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Traci Yamashita, John Phair, A. Muñoz, Joseph Margolick, Roger Detels, Stephen J. O'Brien, John Mellors, Steven M. Wolinsky, and Lisa Jacobson
Submissions from 2000
Unusual Polymorphisms in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Associated with Nonprogressive Infection, Louis Alexander, Emma Weiskopf, Thomas C. Greenough, Nathan C. Gaddis, Marcy C. Auerbach, MIchael H. Malim, Stephen J. O'Brien, Bruce D. Walker, John L. Sullivan, and Ronald C. Desrosiers
Genetic Heterogeneity and Molecular Epidemiology of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus in China, Ping An, H. Luo, T. Lu, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Cheryl Winkler
Influence of CCR5 Promoter Haplotypes on AIDS Progression in African–Americans, Ping An, Maureen P. Martin, George W. Nelson, Mary Carrington, Michael W. Smith, Kui Gong, David Vlahov, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Cheryl Winkler
Distribution of the HLA-DQA1 and Polymarker Alleles in the Basque Population of Spain, Robert J. Brown, Diane Rowold, Mohammed Tahir, Charles Barna, George Duncan, and Rene J. Herrera
Genomic Ancestry of the American Puma (Puma concolor), Melanie Culver, Warren E. Johnson, Jill Pecon-Slattery, and Stephen J. O'Brien
In vitro strand transfer from broken RNAs results in mismatch but not frameshift mutations, Jeffrey J. DeStefano, Aarti Raja, and Jason V. Christofaro
Significant Admixture Linkage Disequilibrium Across 30 cM Around the FY Locus in African Americans, J. A. Lautenberger, J. Claiborne Stephens, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Michael W. Smith
A Radiation Hybrid Map of the Cat Genome: Implications for Comparative Mapping, William J. Murphy, Shan Sun, Zhang-Qun Chen, Naoya Yuhki, Deborah Hirschmann, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Milestones, S. J. O'Brien, L. Andersson, R. Angus, S. E. Bloom, A. Bowling, G. E. Collier, N. Copeland, L. Crittenden, M. T. Davisson, S. Gabay-Laughnan, J. P. Gustafson, J. L. Hamrick, R. Honeycutt, P. P. Jauhar, H. T. Knap, C. Kozak, S. Kumar, K. R. Lamkey, R. MacIntyre, B. May, V. A. McKusick, W. S. Modi, M. Nei, R. G. Palmer, R. H. Reeves, O. A. Ryder, S. Schaeffer, H. Seuanez, and M. Tracey
Adaptive Cycles: Parasites Selectively Reduce Inbreeding in Soay Sheep, Stephen J. O'Brien
The Effect of Genetic Variation in Chemokines and Their Receptors on HIV Transmission and Progression to AIDS, Stephen J. O'Brien and John P. Moore
Polygenic and Multifactorial Disease Gene Association in Man: Lessons from AIDS, Stephen J. O'Brien, George W. Nelson, Cheryl Winkler, and Michael W. Smith
Patterns of Diversity Among SINE Elements Isolated from Three Y-Chromosome Genes in Carnivores, Jill Pecon-Slattery, William J. Murphy, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Development of Microsatellite Markers in the Guanaco, Lama guanicoe: Utility for South American Camelids, Ronald J. Sarno, Victor A. David, William L. Franklin, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Warren E. Johnson
Genetic Restriction of HIV-1 Pathogenesis to AIDS by Promoter Alleles of IL10, Hyoung Doo Shin, Cheryl Winkler, J. Claiborne Stephens, Jay Bream, Howard Young, James J. Goedert, Thomas R. O'Brien, David Vlahov, Susan Buchbinder, Janis Giorgi, Charles Rinaldo, Sharyne Donfield, Anne Willoughby, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Michael W. Smith
Novel Gene Conversion Between X-Y Homologues Located in the Nonrecombining Region of the Y Chromosome in Felidae (Mammalia), Jill Pecon Slattery, Leslie Sanner-Wachter, and Stephen J. O'Brien
A Surface-Enhanced Raman and ab Initio Study of Spectra of Lumazine Molecules, Paula A. Faria Waziry, Xingxing Chen, John R. Lombardi, and Ronald L. Birke
Submissions from 1999
CCR5 Promoter Alleles and Specific DNA Binding Factors, Jay Bream, Howard A. Young, Nancy Rice, Maureen P. Martin, Michael W. Smith, Mary Carrington, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Equine Synteny Mapping of Comparative Anchor Tagged Sequences (CATS) From Human Chromosome 5, Alexandre R. Caetano, Leslie A. Lyons, Thomas F. Laughlin, Stephen J. O'Brien, James D. Murray, and Ann T. Bowling
A Comparative Gene Map of the Horse (Equus caballus), Alexandre R. Caetano, Yow-Ling Shiue, Leslie A. Lyons, Stephen J. O'Brien, Thomas F. Laughlin, Ann T. Bowling, and James D. Murray
Genetics of HIV-1 Infection: Chemokine Receptor Ccr5 Polymorphism and its Consequences, Mary Carrington, Michael Dean, Maureen P. Martin, and Stephen J. O'Brien
HLA and HIV-1: Heterozygote Advantage and B*35-Cw*04 Disadvantage, Mary Carrington, George W. Nelson, Maureen P. Martin, Teri Kissner, David Vlahov, James J. Goedert, Richard A. Kaslow, Susan Buchbinder, Keith Hoots, and Stephen J. O'Brien
A Human Genome Map of Comparative Anchor Tagged Sequences, Z-Q. Chen, J. A. Lautenberger, Leslie A. Lyons, L. McKenzie, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Effects of Plasma HIV RNA, CD4+ T Lymphocytes, and the Chemokine Receptors CCR5 and CCR2b on HIV Disease Progression in Hemophiliacs, Eric S. Daar, Sharyne Donfield, Edward Gomperts, Margaret Hilgartner, Keith Hoots, David Chernoff, Cheryl Winkler, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Hemophilia Growth and Development Study
Reduced Risk of AIDS Lymphoma in Individuals Heterozygous for the CCR5-Δ32 Mutation, Michael Dean, Lisa Jacobson, Glen McFarlane, Joseph Margolick, Frank J. Jenkins, O. M. Zack Howard, Hui-Fang Dong, James J. Goedert, Susan Buchbinder, Edward Gomperts, David Vlahov, Joost J. Oppenheim, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Mary Carrington
Long-Term Nonprogressive Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in a Hemophilia Cohort, Thomas C. Greenough, Doreen B. Brettler, Frank Kirchhoff, Louis Alexander, Stephen J. O'Brien, Mohan Somasundaran, Katherine Luzuriaga, and John L. Sullivan
New Class I and II HLA Alleles Strongly Associated with Opposite Patterns of Progression to AIDS, Houria Hendel, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Helene Lebuanec, Mary Carrington, Stephen J. O'Brien, Jean-Marie Andrieu, Francois Schachter, Daniel Zagury, Jay Rappaport, Cheryl Winkler, George W. Nelson, and Jean-Francois Zagury
Molecular Genetic Diversity and Evolution at the MHC DQB Locus in Four Species of Pinnipeds, A. Rus Hoelzel, J. Claiborne Stephens, and Stephen J. O'Brien
A Scan for Linkage Disequilibrium Across the Human Genome, Gavin A. Huttley, Michael W. Smith, Mary Carrington, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Disparate Phylogeographic Patterns of Molecular Genetic Variation in Four Closely Related South American Small Cat Species, Warren E. Johnson, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Eduardo Eizirik, Jae-Heup Kim, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Cristian Bonacic, Richard Cambre, Peter G. Crawshaw Jr., Adauto Nunes, Hector N. Seuanez, Miguel A. M. Moreira, K. L. Seymour, Faical Simon, and William Swanson
Molecular Determination of Species Boundaries in Corals: Genetic Analysis of the Montastraea annularis Complex Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms and a Microsatellite Marker, Jose V. Lopez, Ralf Kersanach, Stephen A. Rehner, and Nancy Knowlton
Development of Comparative Anchor Tagged Sequences (CATS) for Canine Genome Mapping, Leslie A. Lyons, J. S. Kehler, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Taxonomic Hierarchy of HLA Class I Allele Sequences, L. McKenzie, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Mary Carrington, and Stephen J. O'Brien
A Genetic Linkage Map of Microsatellites in the Domestic Cat (Felis catus), Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Victor A. David, Leslie A. Lyons, Alejandro A. Schaffer, James F. Tomlin, Michelle K. Hutton, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Development of a Feline Whole Genome Radiation Hybrid Panel and Comparative Mapping of Human Chromosome 12 and 22 Loci, William J. Murphy, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Leslie A. Lyons, Mary A. Thompson, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Extensive Conservation of Sex Chromosome Organization Between Cat and Human Revealed by Parallel Radiation Hybrid Mapping, William J. Murphy, Shan Sun, Zhang-Qun Chen, Jill Pecon-Slattery, and Stephen J. O'Brien
Phenotypic Expressions of CCR5-Δ32/Δ32 Homozygosity, Giang T. Nguyen, Mary Carrington, Judith A. Beeler, Michael Dean, Louis M. Aledort, Philip M. Blatt, Alan R. Cohen, Donna DiMichele, M. Elaine Eyster, Craig M. Kessler, Barbara Konkle, Cindy Leissinger, Naomi Luban, Stephen J. O'Brien, James J. Goedert, and Thomas R. O'Brien
Selection Against Susceptibility to HIV-1, Stephen J. O'Brien and Mary Carrington
Genome Map: Comparative Genomics- Mammalian Radiations, Stephen J. O'Brien, John F. Eisenberg, Michael Miyamoto, S. Blair Hedges, Sudhir Kumar, Don E. Wilson, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, William J. Murphy, William G. Nash, Leslie A. Lyons, Joan C. Menninger, Roscoe Stanyon, Johannes Wienberg, N. Copeland, Nancy A. Jenkins, Joel Gellin, Martine Yerle, Leif Andersson, James E. Womack, T. Broad, J. Postlethwait, Oleg Serov, Ernie Bailey, Michael R. James, Takeshi Watanabe, Matthew J. Wakefield, and Jennifer Marshall Graves
The Promise of Comparative Genomics in Mammals, Stephen J. O'Brien, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, William J. Murphy, William Nash, Johannes Wienberg, Roscoe Stanyon, Neal G. Copeland, Nancy A. Jenkins, James E. Womack, and Jennifer A. Marshall Graves
Phylogenomics: Ancestral Primate Viewed, Stephen J. O'Brien and Roscoe Stanyon
Comparative Genome Organization of the Major Histocompatibility Complex: Lessons from the Felidae, Stephen J. O'Brien and Naoya Yuhki
Viruses of the Serengeti: Patterns of Infection and Mortality in African Lions, Craig Packer, S. Altizer, Max J. G. Appel, Stephen J. O'Brien, M. Roelke-Parker, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, and Hans Lutz
Kinetic Analysis of the effect of HIV nucleocapsid protein (NCp) on internal strand transfer reactions, Aarti Raja, J. Jeffrey, and J. J. DeStefano
A Preliminary Examination of Depth Associated Spatial Variation in Fish Assemblages on Small Artificial Reefs, Robin L. Sherman, David S. Gilliam, and Richard E. Spieler
Distribution of Two HIV-1–Resistant Polymorphisms (SDF1-30A and CCR2-64I) in East Asian and World Populations and Its Implication in AIDS Epidemiology, Bing Su, Li Jin, Fang Hu, Junhua Xiao, Jingchun Luo, Daru Lu, Weiling Zhang, Jiayou Chu, Ruofu Du, Zhencheng Geng, Xinfang Qiu, Jinglun Xue, Jiazhen Tan, Stephen J. O'Brien, and Ranajit Chakraborty
Class II HLA Alleles and Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in African Americans, Chloe L. Thio, Mary Carrington, Darlene Marti, Stephen J. O'Brien, David Vlahov, Kenrad E. Nelson, Jacquie Astemborski, and David L. Thomas
Rapid Radiation Events in the Family Ursidae Indicated by Likelihood Phylogenetic Estimation from Multiple Fragments of mtDNA, Lisette P. Waits, Jack Sullivan, Stephen J. O'Brien, and R. H. Ward
Submissions from 1998
CCR2-64I Allele and Genotype Association with Delayed AIDS Progression in African Women, A. O. Anzala, T. B. Ball, T. Rostron, Stephen J. O'Brien, F. A. Plummer, S. L. Rowland-Jones, and University of Nairobi Collaboration for HIV Research
Distribution of D1S80 Alleles in the Jordanian Population, K. Balamurugan, H. Abdel-Rehman, George Duncan, B. Budowle, S. Anderson, J. Macechko, and Mohammed Tahir