HCAS Book and Book Chapters

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Participatory Action Research Efforts and Scholarship of Engagement

Neil H. Katz

As the field of conflict analysis and resolution continues to grow, scholars and practitioners increasingly recognize that we can learn from one another. Theory must be informed by practice and practice must draw on sound theory. Above and beyond this lies a further recognition: without at least attempting to actually engage and transform entrenched conflicts, our field cannot hope to achieve its potential. We will merely remain in a more diverse, multi-disciplinary ivory tower. This edition breaks new ground in explicitly connecting the Scholarship of Engagement to the work of conflict resolution professionals including those in the academy, those in the field, and those who refuse to choose between the two. The text explores a wide variety of examples of, and thinking on, the Scholarship of Engagement from participatory action research to peace education, and from genocide prevention to community mediation and transitional justice.
Laboratory Exercises in Biology

Edward O. Keith, Charles Messing, Emily F. Schmitt Lavin, and Joshua Stephen Feingold

Third edition
Chapter 5: The Scholarship of Engagement: Transforming Communities and Organizations through Practicum and other Collaborative Projects

Judith McKay

As the field of conflict analysis and resolution continues to grow, scholars and practitioners increasingly recognize that we can learn from one another. Theory must be informed by practice and practice must draw on sound theory. Above and beyond this lies a further recognition: without at least attempting to actually engage and transform entrenched conflicts, our field cannot hope to achieve its potential. We will merely remain in a more diverse, multi-disciplinary ivory tower. This edition breaks new ground in explicitly connecting the Scholarship of Engagement to the work of conflict resolution professionals including those in the academy, those in the field, and those who refuse to choose between the two. The text explores a wide variety of examples of, and thinking on, the Scholarship of Engagement from participatory action research to peace education, and from genocide prevention to community mediation and transitional justice.
Chapter 7: Scholarship of Engagement in Transitional Contexts: An African Focus

Ismael Muvingi

The compelling benefits of an international Scholarship of Engagement in the global arena are discussed in this chapter/ Through the lens of transitional justice in post-conflict situations in Africa, Dr. Muvingi explores the perceptions of community members' needs and challenges as framed by their own experiences to contribute to just understanding and resolution of these conflicts. Two empirical studies are discussed in the context of those differing local perceptions: the first focuses on the Rwandan genocide and the gacaca system in Rwanda, and the second on the Tree of Life initiatives in the ongoing conflicts in Zimbabwe.
Population genetics of the felid Leopardus guigna in Southern South America: Identifying intraspecific units for conservation

Constanza Napolitano, James Sanderson, Warren E. Johnson, Stephen J. O’Brien, A. Rus Hoelzel, Rachel Freer, Nigel Dunstone, Kermit Ritland, and Elie Poulin

[Chapter Abstract] We investigate the genetic diversity and structure of guigna populations throughout their known distribution range by analyzing 1,798 bp of the mtDNA and 15 microsatellite loci in 116 individuals sampled from 32.5°S to 46.5°S in Chile and Argentina. MtDNA data reveals a moderate separation between northern and southern populations, supporting previously proposed subspecific partitions. Microsatellite data supports this north–south pattern of subdivision, showing also further structure detail revealing current demographically isolated groups. Spatial analysis of molecular variance shows a finer scale yet consistent population structure compared to the genetic assignment and clustering method. High positive correlations between genetic and geographic distances in both mtDNA and microsatellite loci suggest a consistent historical and contemporary isolation by distance pattern. The population structure uncovered by this study identifies at least five different Conservation Units for guigna populations throughout their distribution range in southern South America.
Dynamical Social Psychology: An Introduction

Andrzej Nowak, Robin R. Vallacher, Urszula A. Strawinska-Zanko, and David S. Bree

In this chapter we outline the background to dynamical social psychogy as it stood before the research described in later chapters of this book. This background will help readers who are not familiar with either social psychology or complexity science to follow those chapters more easily. It will focus on two domains within dynamical social psychology: social influence on opinion formation and the concept of self/ It will also consider three aspects of dynamical social psychology that set it apart from previous theories of social psychology: the effect of the degree of coherence between the elements of a system, which explains the different behaviors we see under different circumstances, how emotions regulate other psychological systems, and the drive to minimalism, by which behavior which appears to be complex may be understood from a model of the underlying elements interacting under simple rules.
Chapter 19: Quantitative Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of a Synthetic Predator–Prey Ecosystem

Stephen Payne, Robert P. Smith, and Lingchong You

A major focus in synthetic biology is the rational design and implementation of gene circuits to control dynamics of individual cells and, increasingly, cellular populations. Population-level control is highlighted in recent studies which attempt to design and implement synthetic ecosystems (or engineered microbial consortia). On the one hand, these engineered systems may serve as a critical technological foundation for practical applications. On the other hand, they may serve as well-defined model systems to examine biological questions of broad relevance. Here, using a synthetic predator-prey ecosystem as an example, we illustrate the basic experimental techniques involved in system implementation and characterization. By extension, these techniques are applicable to the analysis of other microbial-based synthetic or natural ecosystems.
Geomorphology and Reef Building in the SE Gulf

Sam J. Purkis

[Chapter Abstract] The Gulf, a subtropical epicontinental sea, is home to the northernmost coral reefs on the western boundary of the Indo-Pacific. The basin has an area of 250,000 sq. km and is shallow and semi-restricted, which combined with its high-latitude and the presence of mountainous plateaus and deserts nearby, make the Gulf’s climate the most extreme endured by reef-building corals anywhere in the world (Riegl et al. 2011, Chaps. 2, 7, and 9). Despite the hostile conditions, the Gulf is home to about 40 species of scleractinian and 31 species of alcyonacean corals, representing an impoverished but typical segment of that of the Indo-Pacific. The Gulf is unique in many respects, most notably in terms of its water chemistry, inclement climate (hot summers but also cold winters), and the hardiness of the corals that inhabit it. These factors conspire to prevent the development of spectacular reef edifices, like those that exist in the adjacent Red Sea, but nonetheless the expression of coral growth is as varied and interesting as the prevailing climate. The Gulf marks the separation between the stable Arabian foreland, atop which the U.A.E. sits, and the unstable Iranian fold belt. This positioning generates a specific geological set-up which conveys primary control on the geomorphology of the basin and in turn, the opportunities for reef development. Of particular note is the influence that salt tectonics play in the creation of offshore banks and islands, all of which support coral communities. Secondary and more recent modification has been exerted by the flooding of the Gulf during the last transgression, with the majority of the basin having lain sub-aerially exposed for considerable periods in the last 100,000 years. This complex and rich genesis brings the Gulf to a crossroads in the present day; we witness an unprecedented level of coastal development and modification fueled by rising economic prosperity on the back of vast hydrocarbon discoveries. Many areas of spectacular coral growth have been lost to construction, but some remain, for now. This chapter will detail the status of these ecosystems and the factors that have shaped them through time.
The Hermatypic Scleractinian (Hard) Coral Fauna of the Gulf

Bernhard Riegl, Francesca Benzoni, Kaveh Samimi-Namin, and Charles Sheppard

[Chapter Abstract] The harsh climate of the Gulf puts severe constraints on coral survival and, therewith, on biodiversity by restricting the number of coral species that can survive in the harsh conditions. Despite this and despite being at the western high-latitude edge of Indo-Pacific reef coral distribution, the Gulf’s coral fauna is surprisingly rich. Within the region, the richest Gulf coral fauna has been recorded from Saudi Arabia, around the islands of Jana and Karan (50 species, Basson et al. 1977). Fadlallah et al. (1993) subsequently recorded 23 and 19 species in specific sample sites on these two islands and suggested that species richness may actually be lower than suggested by Basson et al. (1977). This is also supported by data in Vogt (1996). The UAE presently has the second-richest documented coral fauna, with 34 scleractinian species (Riegl 1999). More comprehensive studies in other areas and the region would likely reveal a quite homogeneous fauna with little diversity gradient across the Gulf proper. The Iranian coral fauna is rich due to water circulation pattern and better environmental conditions in the northern Gulf. Due to counter clock wise pattern of the water circulation in the Gulf, the northern part and the Iranian coastline has lower temperature, lower salinity, better aragonite saturation, besides also greater depth (see Chap. 2). This results in increasing species richness towards the Straits of Hormuz. In general, coral diversity decreases from east to west and from north to south. This has been seen in octocorals (Samimi-Namin and van Ofwegen 2009) and the same trend exist for hard corals (Samimi-Namin, unpublished data). It is still unclear where the main species boundaries are located and therefore further studies are necessary to fully reveal coral diversity in the Gulf.
Diseases, Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs) and Their Effects on Gulf Coral Populations and Communities

Bernhard Riegl, Andrew W. Bruckner, Kaveh Samimi-Namin, and Sam J. Purkis

[Chapter Abstract] Corals in the Gulf exist in a harsh environment, which only allows a small subset of the typical Indo-Pacific fauna and flora to persist and/or form viable populations (Sheppard and Sheppard 1991; Sheppard et al. 1992; Samimi-Namin and van Ofwegen 2009; Chaps. 11 and 12). Environmental factors have been identified as the major killers of corals and these factors regulate population dynamics and coral reef community structure (Chaps. 2, 5, 10 and 16). Among these, extreme temperature variability, salinity variability and turbidity (as a result of coastal construction, Chap. 16) have been isolated as prime killers.
Coral Reefs of the Gulf: Adaptation to Climatic Extremes

Bernhard M. Riegl and Sam J. Purkis

First complete compilation of biology and geology information for all Gulf reefs
Detailed case studies of extremely heat- and cold-adapted reefs
Richly illustrated with more than 200 color figures
Environmental Constraints for Reef Building in the Gulf

Bernhard M. Riegl and Sam J. Purkis

[Chapter Abstract] The Gulf is a peripheral basin of the Indian Ocean, at roughly 23°50′–29°52′ degrees northern latitude. It harbors extensive coral growth in one of the highest latitude locations in the world (Table 2.1). Due to its high-latitude position, its shallow nature, and its position within the great desert belt, the Gulf and its corals are exposed to extremes in temperature, salinity and other physical factors (Kinsman 1964a, b; Sheppard et al. 1992). But despite a seemingly hostile climate, corals endure and have been shown to exhibit remarkable resilience and vitality even if faced by some of the most extreme environmental conditions corals have to endure anywhere. This chapter will outline the most important physical constraints on reef building.
Coral Bleaching and Mortality Thresholds in the SE Gulf: Highest in the World

Bernhard M. Riegl, Sam J. Purkis, Ashraf S. Al-Cibahy, Suaad Al-Harthi, Edwin Grandcourt, Khalifa Al-Sulaiti, James Baldwin, and Alaa M. Abdel-Moati

[Chapter Abstract] Bleaching is a stress reaction in corals, during which the symbiosis between corals and the algae (zooxanthellae) living in the coral cells breaks down. As a result, zooxanthellae are expelled, and the coral appears pale or even white (Fig. 6.1; Baker et al. 2008). The link between environmental variables and coral bleaching has been well-established in a variety of studies and synthesized in several places (Phinney et al. 2006; Baker et al. 2008; van Oppen and Lough 2009). Large-scale and region-wide bleaching events, such as occur in the Gulf, have been clearly linked to unusually high temperatures and the accumulation of heat stress in corals. Other drivers, such as UV and water acidity can have compounding effects (Baker et al. 2008) and bleaching can also be caused by these factors alone, or other local drivers such as unusually cold temperatures (Saxby et al. 2003; Lajeunesse et al. 2007). However, it is heat stress that has been demonstrated as the most reliable predictor and defined time-integrated bleaching thresholds exist for various regions of the Indo-Pacific and the Caribbean (Berkelmans 2002a, b; Manzello et al. 2007; Berkelmans 2009).
Dynamics of Gulf Coral Communities: Observations and Models from the World’s Hottest Coral Sea

Bernhard Riegl and Sam J. Purkis

[Chapter Abstract] Coral reefs are adapted to a relatively narrow band of environmental optima and the harsh Gulf environment tests the physiological and ecological limits of reef corals. The environmental variability (minimal and maximal annual temperatures, salinity extremes, etc.; Chap. 2; Sheppard et al. 1992, 2010) are outside the range of typical tropical reefs. Regular summer temperatures are several degrees above the bleaching and mortality thresholds of some regions in the Great Barrier Reef and the Caribbean (Baker et al. 2008; Chap. 6). Yet, corals thrive in the Gulf. However, they have recently been exposed to severe temperature anomalies at a recurrence faster than in any other coral reef region (Riegl 2002, 2003; Sheppard and Loughland 2002; Riegl and Purkis 2009; Sheppard et al. 2010) and it appears that hot-anomalies are increasing in severity and frequency (Nasrallah et al. 2004). Thus, corals in the Gulf already exist in a thermal environment that is equal to, or even worse than, what is predicted (IPCC 2007) as occurring throughout the tropical oceans by 2099 and recognized as likely causing problems for coral reef persistence. Clearly, important lessons can be learned from Gulf corals about environmental extremes that corals can survive and, given the high frequency of disturbances, maybe even lessons in adaptability. Since the world is getting warmer and extremes are becoming more pronounced, the study of such extreme reef systems gains increased relevance.
Coral Reefs of the Gulf: Adaptation to Climatic Extremes in the World’s Hottest Sea

Bernhard Riegl and Samuel J. Purkis

This book treats coral reefs in the water body enclosed between Iran and the Arabian peninsula that in this book we refer to as “The Gulf”. The area is variably also known as the Persian or Arabian Gulf, or as the ROPME Inner Sea Area. The Gulf has a long research history and a compilation of present knowledge about its reefs is timely. In 16 chapters, this book guides the reader through environmental and geological determinants of reefbuilding, through the dynamics of reef corals and reef fishes, to the taxonomy of key reef organisms. Also the importance of artificial structures as novel reef substrates is discussed.
People Can Think Themselves into Anything: The Domestic Nightmare in My Name is Julia Ross

Marlisa Santos

Joseph H. Lewis enjoyed a monumental career in many genres, including film noir and B-movies (with the East Side Kids) as well as an extensive and often overlooked TV career. InThe Films of Joseph H. Lewis, editor Gary D. Rhodes, PhD. gathers notable scholars from around the globe to examine the full range of Lewis's career. While some studies analyze Lewis's work in different areas, others focus on particular films, ranging from poverty row fare to westerns and "television films." Overall, this collection offers fresh perspectives on Lewis as an auteur, a director responsible for individually unique works as well as a sustained and coherent style.

Essays in part 1 investigate the texts and contexts that were important to Lewis's film and television career, as contributors explore his innovative visual style and themes in both mediums. Contributors to part 2 present an array of essays on specific films, including Lewis's remarkable and prescient Invisible Ghost and other notable films My Name Is Julia Ross, So Dark the Night, and The Big Combo. Part 3 presents an extended case study of Lewis's most famous and-arguably-most important work, Gun Crazy. Contributors take three distinct approaches to the film: in the context of its genre as film noir and modernist and postmodernist film; in its relationship to masculinity and masochism; and in terms of ethos and ethics.
“Born in Chanel, Christen in Gucci”: The Rhetoric of Brand Names and Haute Couture in Jamaican Dancehall

Andrea Shaw-Nevins

This book speaks to the remarkable global reach and influence of Caribbean musics and investigates Caribbean women, music and identity.
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Conceptualizing and Investigating the Self

Urszula A. Strawinska-Zanko

This book, edited and authored by a closely collaborating network of social scientists and psychologists, recasts typical research topics in these fields into the language of nonlinear, dynamic and complex systems. The aim is to provide scientists with different backgrounds - physics, applied mathematics and computer sciences - with the opportunity to apply the tools of their trade to an altogether new range of possible applications. At the same time, this book will serve as a first reference for a new generation of social scientists and psychologists wishing to familiarize themselves with the new methodology and the "thinking in complexity".
Peace Education and the Adult Learner: Educational Trends in a Globalized World

Jason J. Campbell and Noel E. Campbell

Peace Education and the Adult Learner presents a survey of recent developments in adult and peace education. This book offers new educational models for teaching adult learners interested in peace education and conflict resolution. The authors masterfully situate the foundations of these models within a discourse of conflict escalation and conflict resolution. Teaching adult learners about peace education also requires the cultivation of keen critical thinking skills and an understanding of basic conflict resolution strategies. Equipped with such tools, adult learners will invariably develop organic models of conflict resolution. Instead of structuring a formulaic, process-based strategy of peace education, this book analyzes contemporary conflicts and contemplates possible strategies for resolution. Peace Education and the Adult Learner explains how educators can inspire their students to develop specific context-based resolution strategies, rather than apply generalized theoretical models to specific instances of conflict.
Land and Dignity in Paraguay

Cheryl Lynn Duckworth

Land and Dignity in Paraguay analyzes the sociopolitical mobilization around land rights of the indigenous communities in this country. Throughout Paraguay, indigenous communities have seen their lands sold to private agriculture business, in addition to being subjected to arrests, intimidation, and torture. Since the fall of Stroessnerʹs dictatorship in 1989, these communities have been organizing to oppose neoliberal policies, especially that of land privatization. Such mobilization nearly always coalesces around an organizing frame, and the prominence of dignity in the framing of the Paraguayan movement is clear. Drawing on media coverage and extensive interviews with indigenous leaders, civil society leaders, and government officials, the book argues that active social mobilization developed around the dignity frame and concludes by looking at the implications for conflict resolution processes and for Paraguayʹs new democracy.
Schlerochronology

Kevin P. Helmle and Richard E. Dodge

Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.
Mathematics of Bioinformatics : Theory, Practice, and Applications

Matthew He and Sergey Petukhov

Mathematics of Bioinformatics: Theory, Methods, and Applications provides a comprehensive format for connecting and integrating information derived from mathematical methods and applying it to the understanding of biological sequences, structures, and networks. Each chapter is divided into a number of sections based on the bioinformatics topics and related mathematical theory and methods. Each topic of the section is comprised of the following three parts: an introduction to the biological problems in bioinformatics; a presentation of relevant topics of mathematical theory and methods to the bioinformatics problems introduced in the first part; an integrative overview that draws the connections and interfaces between bioinformatics problems/issues and mathematical theory/methods/applications.
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology

Hans Hess, Charles Messing, and William I. Ausich

This volume is edited by Paul Selden, authors are Hans Hess and Charles G. Messing, coordinating author is William I. Ausich. This is the first volume to be published in an extensive revision of the Class Crinoidea. The present volume deals with the Subclass Articulata that contains all post-Paleozoic and living crinoids. The descriptions are preceded by an introduction, a chapter on the morphology of articulate crinoids, a glossary of important terms, and an overview of classification. The reference list is comprehensive for this volume.
General Chemistry 1 Laboratory

Krista Kasdorf, Donna Chamely Wiik, Beatrix Aukszi, and Jerome E. Haky
Days of Decision: Turning Points in U.S. Foreign Policy

David Kilroy and Michael J. Nojeim

Days of Decision spans a century of American foreign policymaking, from the Spanish- American War of 1898 to the attacks of September 11, 2001. Michael J. Nojeim and David P. Kilroy carefully examine twelve foreign-policy landmarks, each of which played a crucial role in shaping world history and led to profound changes in U.S. foreign policy. Devoting one chapter to each turning point, they place it in its proper historical context, explore its political consequences—primarily the debates and divisions that arose among policymakers—and discuss the aftermath, focusing on its lasting influence on world affairs and the conduct of American diplomacy and foreign affairs.

This accessible, introductory text provides students of foreign policy and international relations a deeper understanding of these disciplines’ processes and of America’s place in the world.