Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

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Date of Award

1-1-2026

Document Type

Dissertation - NSU Access Only

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Conflict Analysis and Resolution

First Advisor

Ismael Muvingi

Keywords

Community resilience; Governance (or radicalization); Nigeria (or Benue Nasarawa and Plateau States); Peacebuilding; Relative Deprivation Theory (or Social Movement Theory); Violent extremism

Abstract

Violent extremism remains one of the most significant security and development challenges facing Nigeria. This dissertation critically examines the dynamics, drivers, impacts, and responses to violent extremism, focusing on communities in Benue, Nasarawa, and Plateau States. Drawing on Social Movement Theory and Relative Deprivation Theory, the study explores how violent extremism is perceived and experienced in local contexts with emphasis on selected themes. Using a comparative and thematic approach, the research highlights the complex interplay of structural inequalities, political marginalization, weak governance, and manipulative narratives in sustaining violent extremism. The findings reveal that despite persistent insecurity, inadequate state responses, and gaps in justice, security, and rehabilitation frameworks, affected communities continue to demonstrate resilience through indigenous coping mechanisms, peacebuilding initiatives, and collective strategies to prevent further radicalization. The study shows that violent extremism extends beyond acts of violence to include longterm social, economic, and psychological consequences that undermine community stability and development. Consequently, addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive, multi-stakeholder approach that integrates security sector reforms, inclusive governance, grassroots peacebuilding, youth empowerment, and communitydriven rehabilitation. By synthesizing empirical insights and contemporary scholarship, this dissertation contributes to the field of conflict analysis and resolution, offering theoretical perspectives and policy recommendations for addressing violent extremism in Nigeria and other fragile and conflict-affected contexts.

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