Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Document Type

Thesis - NSU Access Only

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.) in Dentistry

Copyright Statement

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.

Department

College of Dental Medicine

First Advisor

Thyagaseely Premaraj

Date of original Performance / Presentation

January 2024

Publication Date / Copyright Date

1-1-2024

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effects on frictional resistance to orthodontic sliding in dry mouth conditions with commonly used over-the-counter (OTC) dry mouth medications. Background: Xerostomia, a condition characterized by reduced salivary flow, is frequently seen in the adult population, and that population has been growing in orthodontic practices in recent years. Dry mouth conditions have been reported in up to 43.6% of adults with a female predominance. As dry conditions have been shown to affect resistance to sliding (RS), the use of lubricants may have potential effects on frictional characteristics in orthodontic treatment. Methods: In this in vitro study, metal braces and stainless steel (SS) wires were used. Three groups of 0.019” x 0.025” stainless steel orthodontic archwires with 0.022” slot brackets with MBT (McLaughlin, Bennet and Trevisi) prescription were utilized to assess the effects of three different brands of OTC dry mouth liquid medications: Biotene Dry Mouth Spray, Oasis Dry Mouth Spray, and Mouth Kote Dry Mouth Spray. These groups were compared to artificial saliva and dry conditions. Maximum resistance to sliding (MRS) and average resistance to sliding (ARS) were measured by sliding the archwires through 0.022” slot stainless steel brackets in separate passive (0°) and active (5°) configurations using an Instron Universal testing machine. The data was analyzed with a two-way ANOVA with independent variables of lubricant type as well as active and passive configurations of the bracket-wire system. Results: Both independent variables (lubricants as well as active and passive wire configurations) had a significant effect on resistance to sliding. Post-hoc analysis of MRS at an active 5° contact angle, which represented the commonly occurring scenario in orthodontic sliding, revealed that the Mouth Kote group exhibited the lowest values for RS while the Oasis group exhibited the highest values for RS between the three OTC medications. The Oasis group showed significantly higher values for RS when compared to dry conditions, Mouth Kote, and artificial saliva groups. The Biotene group showed significantly higher values for RS when compared to Mouth Kote or artificial saliva groups. However, the dry conditions, Mouth Kote, and artificial saliva groups did not show any significant difference when compared to each other. In the most clinically relevant test, Mouth Kote and artificial saliva were the only two liquids tested which reduced RS, although the difference was not significant. ARS at active 5° contact angle showed similar results for all groups tested. Conclusions: In terms of maximum resistance to sliding in the active configuration, which is the most clinically relevant test performed: Biotene, Oasis, and Mouth Kote Dry Mouth Sprays offer no significant reduction in resistance to sliding compared to either dry conditions or a simulated oral environment containing artificial saliva. Biotene and Oasis Dry Mouth Sprays interestingly showed an increase in resistance to sliding in these conditions, while Mouth Kote showed some decrease in resistance to sliding but was not significant.

Disciplines

Dentistry

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