Title

The Origin of Human Chromosome 1 and its Homologs in Placental Mammals

Authors

William J. Murphy, National Cancer Institute at Frederick
Lutz Fronicke, National Cancer Institute at Frederick
Stephen J. O'Brien, National Cancer Institute at FrederickFollow
Roscoe Stanyon, National Cancer Institute at Frederick

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-2003

Publication Title

Genome Research

ISSN

1088-9051

Volume

13

Issue/No.

8

First Page

1880

Last Page

1888

Abstract

Developing ordered gene maps from multiple mammalian species coupled with chromosome-painting data provide a powerful resource for resolving the evolutionary history of chromosomes and whole genomes. In this work, we recapitulate the evolutionary history of human chromosome 1 and its homologs in placental mammals, putatively the largest physical unit in the ancestral placental genome. Precise definition of translocation exchange breakpoints in human, carnivore, cetartiodactyl, and rodent-ordered gene maps demonstrate that chromosome breakpoints, previously considered as equivalent, actually represent distinct chromosome positions and exchange events. Multidirectional chromosome painting, using probes from homologs to chromosome 1 in seven mammal species from six orders of placental mammals, confirm the gene-mapping results and indicate that the multiple human chromosome 1 homologs in these species are derived from independent fissions of a single ancestral chromosome. Chromosome painting using human chromosome 1 probes identifies a single human chromosome 1 homolog in phylogenetically distant taxa, the two-toed sloth, cetaceans, and higher primates. The diverse phylogenetic occurrence of a single Hsa1 synteny among the major clades of placental mammals suggests that human chromosome 1 represents an intact ancestral chromosome, which was variously fissioned in the majority of placental species. We find that the number of human chromosome 1 fissions in a specific lineage reflects its general rate of genomic evolution. Further, historic chromosome exchange appears to have been disproportionately clustered in two breakpoint hotspots on the long arm.

Comments

©2003 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

Additional Comments

GenBank accession #s: CC596505-CC596511

NSUWorks Citation

Murphy, William J.; Lutz Fronicke; Stephen J. O'Brien; and Roscoe Stanyon. 2003. "The Origin of Human Chromosome 1 and its Homologs in Placental Mammals." Genome Research 13, (8): 1880-1888. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_bio_facarticles/586

ORCID ID

0000-0001-7353-8301

ResearcherID

N-1726-2015