The Origin of Human Chromosome 1 and its Homologs in Placental Mammals

Authors

• William J. Murphy, National Cancer Institute at Frederick
• Lutz Fronicke, National Cancer Institute at Frederick
• Stephen J. O'Brien, National Cancer Institute at FrederickFollow
• Roscoe Stanyon, National Cancer Institute at Frederick

ORCID

0000-0001-7353-8301

ResearcherID

N-1726-2015

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Genome Research

ISSN

1088-9051

Publication Date

8-2003

Abstract

Developing ordered gene maps from multiple mammalian species coupled with chromosome-painting data provide a powerful resource for resolving the evolutionary history of chromosomes and whole genomes. In this work, we recapitulate the evolutionary history of human chromosome 1 and its homologs in placental mammals, putatively the largest physical unit in the ancestral placental genome. Precise definition of translocation exchange breakpoints in human, carnivore, cetartiodactyl, and rodent-ordered gene maps demonstrate that chromosome breakpoints, previously considered as equivalent, actually represent distinct chromosome positions and exchange events. Multidirectional chromosome painting, using probes from homologs to chromosome 1 in seven mammal species from six orders of placental mammals, confirm the gene-mapping results and indicate that the multiple human chromosome 1 homologs in these species are derived from independent fissions of a single ancestral chromosome. Chromosome painting using human chromosome 1 probes identifies a single human chromosome 1 homolog in phylogenetically distant taxa, the two-toed sloth, cetaceans, and higher primates. The diverse phylogenetic occurrence of a single Hsa1 synteny among the major clades of placental mammals suggests that human chromosome 1 represents an intact ancestral chromosome, which was variously fissioned in the majority of placental species. We find that the number of human chromosome 1 fissions in a specific lineage reflects its general rate of genomic evolution. Further, historic chromosome exchange appears to have been disproportionately clustered in two breakpoint hotspots on the long arm.

Volume

13

Issue

8

First Page

1880

Last Page

1888

Comments

©2003 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

Additional Comments

GenBank accession #s: CC596505-CC596511

NSUWorks Citation

Murphy, William J.; Lutz Fronicke; Stephen J. O'Brien; and Roscoe Stanyon. 2003. "The Origin of Human Chromosome 1 and its Homologs in Placental Mammals." Genome Research 13, (8): 1880-1888. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_bio_facarticles/586