Hanging On By a Thread: The Human Genome Project

Hanging On By a Thread: The Human Genome Project

Alvin Sherman Library 2053

The objective of this literature research project is to examine some of the scientific, social and legal implications as well as applications associated with the Human Genome Project (HGP). A recent application of the HGP involved the determination of gene loci for specific conditions such as bipolar disease. A review of several population studies, written by Mark Escamilla, revealed the prominence of bipolar disorder via the analysis of pedigrees. There is currently no conclusive evidence of a specific bipolar disorder locus, however, Escamilla states that research involved with finding the locus is promising.

Additionally, by identifying specific genetic markers, the origins of humans and particular phenotypic and genotypic trends can be followed. This will help shape and redefine evolutionary theories. For instance, research performed by E. Aranson, disclaimed the idea of homogeneity in the Iceland population. Despite the statistical analysis put forth by E. Aranson, scientists still rely on the hypothesis that the Iceland population is a result of the bottleneck effect and/or the founder effect, both of which are migratory mechanisms that imply genetic homogeneity.

Aside from the advantages of this endeavor, the allocation of limited funds into this research is heavily disputed. Certain consequences of this research are the potential for genetic discrimination and the lack of genetic privacy. Also, ownership and access to the genome need to be delegated. Furthermore, possibilities such as “designer people” could be imminent with the unrave ling of DNA. No one is sure of the full impact of the Human Genome Project, but decisions made about this research will be long-lasting.