Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A New Method for Ecological Surveying of the Abyss Using Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Photography

ORCID

0000-0002-8296-4780

ResearcherID

J-3058-2014

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Limnology and Oceanography: Methods

ISSN

1541-5856

Publication Date

11-2014

Abstract

The extent and speed of marine environmental mapping is increasing quickly with technological advances, particularly with optical imaging from autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). This contribution describes a new deep-sea digital still camera system that takes high-frequency (>1 Hz) color photographs of the seafloor, suitable for detailed biological and habitat assessment, and the means of efficient processing of this mass imagery, to allow assessment across a wide range of spatial scales from that of individual megabenthic organisms to landscape scales (>100 km2). As part of the Autonomous Ecological Surveying of the Abyss (AESA) project, the AUV Autosub6000 obtained > 150,000 seafloor images (~160 km total transect length) to investigate the distribution of megafauna on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (4850 m; NE Atlantic). An automated workflow for image processing was developed that corrected nonuniform illumination and color, geo-referenced the photographs, and produced 10-image mosaics ('tiles,' each representing a continuous strip of 15-20 m2 of seafloor), with overlap between consecutive images removed. These tiles were then manually annotated to generate biological data. This method was highly advantageous compared with alternative techniques, greatly increasing the rate of image acquisition and providing a 10-50 fold increase in accuracy in comparison to trawling. The method also offers more precise density and biodiversity estimates [Coefficient of variation (CV) < 10%] than alternative techniques, with a 2-fold improvement in density estimate precision compared with the WASP towed camera system. Ultimately, this novel system is expected to make valuable contributions to understanding human impact in the deep ocean.

DOI

10.4319/lom.2014.12.795

Volume

12

Issue

11

First Page

795

Last Page

809

Comments

©2014, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.

Additional Comments

Autonomous Ecological Surveying of the Abyss project #s: NE/H021787/1, NE/H023569/1

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