Giving Voice: Using Mixed Methods to Gauge the Effectiveness of a Health Promotion Intervention for Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD)

Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida, USA

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the Special Olympics International Fit 5 program and gardening intervention on the health of adults with IDD as measured through biometrics and quality-of-life instrument. Background: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) represent a large, medically under-served population. They experience higher rates of preventable disease, co-morbidities, and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. Additionally, they experience less access to quality health care and health promotion programs. Methods: This mixed methods, randomized control trial, obtained quantitative data from biometrics and quality of life instrument, the Personal Outcomes Scale (POS), and qualitative data from the POS. Discussion: The biometric data obtained provides valuable information regarding the effects of the intervention on determinants of health, while the Personal Outcomes Scale (POS) provides an opportunity to dialogue with adults with IDD regarding quality of life. The POS is based on eight quality of life core domains that have been validated through cross-cultural studies. The domains are: personal development and self-determination; interpersonal relations, social inclusion, and rights; and emotional, physical, and material well-being. In addition to the three-point Likert scale, qualitative questions allow adults with IDD to describe what they value, express personal goals, and what may improve quality of life. The outcomes obtained and themes that emerged from the initial POS will be discussed and provide insight into adults with IDD’ perceptions of their quality of life. Grants: This research is funded by the Nova Southeastern University 2019-2020 President’s Faculty Research and Development Grant.