The significance of brain aminopeptidases in the regulation of the actions of angiotensin peptides in the brain
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-1-2008
Publication Title
Heart Failure Reviews
ISSN
1382-4147
Volume
13
Issue/No.
3
First Page
299
Last Page
309
Abstract
From the outset, the concept of a brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been controversial and this controversy continues to this day. In addition to the unresolved questions as to the means by which, and location(s) where brain Ang II is synthesized, and the uncertainties regarding the functionality of the different subtypes of Ang II receptors in the brain, a new controversy has arisen with respect to the identity of the angiotensin peptide(s) that activate brain AT(1) receptors. While it has been known for some time that Ang III can activate Ang II receptors with equivalent or near-equivalent efficacy to Ang II, it has been proposed that in the brain, only Ang III is active. This proposal, which we have named "The Angiotensin III Hypothesis" states that Ang II must be converted to Ang III in order to activate brain AT(1) receptors. This review examines several aspects of the controversies regarding the brain RAS with a special focus on brain aminopeptidases, studies that either support or refute The Angiotensin III Hypothesis, and the implications of The Angiotensin III Hypothesis for the activity of the brain RAS. It also addresses the need for further research that can test The Angiotensin III Hypothesis and definitively identify the angiotensin peptide(s) that activate brain AT(1) receptor-mediated effects.
NSUWorks Citation
Speth, Robert C. and Karamyan, Vardan T., "The significance of brain aminopeptidases in the regulation of the actions of angiotensin peptides in the brain" (2008). HPD Articles. 85.
https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_facarticles/85
ORCID ID
0000-0002-6434-2185
DOI
10.1007/s10741-007-9078-2
Copyright
Copyright © 2008, Springer Science Business Media, LLC
