Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Document Type
Thesis - NSU Access Only
Degree Name
Master of Science (M.S.) in Dentistry
Copyright Statement
All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.
Department
College of Dental Medicine
First Advisor
Dr. Shiva Khatami
Date of original Performance / Presentation
January 2019
Publication Date / Copyright Date
1-1-2019
NSUWorks Citation
Farnaz Younessian. 2019. Effects of local administration of Anti RANKL Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) and Bisphosphonate (Clodronate) on orthodontic tooth movement in a rat model. Master's thesis. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, College of Dental Medicine. (215)
https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/215.
Abstract
Introduction: There is a growing interest among orthodontists in adopting adjunctive procedures to inhibit tooth movement during and after orthodontic treatment. This is done to prevent relapse, root resorption, and movement of teeth serving as anchor units to support and guide tooth movement during treatment. To date, Denosumab is considered the most potent antiresorptive agent to decrease the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption with the least side effects. Purpose of the study 1) To compare, clinically and histologically, the effectiveness of local administration of two-antiresorptive agents including Anti RANKL Monoclonal Antibody and Clodronate (Bisphosphonate) to decrease orthodontic tooth movement. 2) To assess the rate of tooth movement in three different time points, comparing the two agents to each other and to the control group. 3) To assess the histological changes within and across the groups in relation to the structural differences of the bone and presence of osteoclasts. Method and materials: Sixty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (n=16/group): 1) Bisphosphonate (Clodronate), 2) rat anti-RANKL mAb (equivalent to human Denosumab), 3) control rat mAb (isotype matched), and 4) control saline. After initiation of orthodontic movement (30 cN) using a NiTi coil spring, above noted agents were locally injected at 0, 7, and 14 days. The rats were euthanized at days 14 and 21. The bone mineral density (BMD) and tooth movement, as well as bone remodeling biomarkers (Collagen C-telopeptide [CTX], RANKL and Osteocalcin) in local tissues, were measured using microCT and ELISA, respectively. H&E staining were performed on histology sections. The data were analyzed and compared by ANOVA or T-test. Results: The rate of orthodontic tooth movement demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in both Clodronate and anti RANKL monoclonal antibody groups compared to control monoclonal antibody group at 14 days. Anti RANKL Monoclonal Antibody showed significantly diminished CTX production at day 14, suggesting the inhibition of osteoclastactivity by Denosumab. No significant differences in microCT measures of alveolar bone (BV/TV and BMD) was seen among groups at 14 and 21 days, suggesting that other factors, in addition to antiresorptive agent may play a role in bone volume alterations during orthodontic tooth movement. The number of active osteoclasts on the mesial and distal sides was statistically lower in Clodronate and anti RANKL monoclonal antibody group compared to the control group. Conclusion: This experimental study demonstrated that the short-term local administration of antiresorptive agents can affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and the level of restorative cytokines during orthodontic movement in a rat model.
Disciplines
Dentistry
Keywords
Antiresorptive; Inhibition; Orthodontic tooth movement; rat Model
Files
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