Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Document Type

Thesis - NSU Access Only

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.) in Dentistry

Copyright Statement

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.

Department

College of Dental Medicine

First Advisor

Chin Lin

Date of original Performance / Presentation

January 2026

Publication Date / Copyright Date

1-1-2026

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objectives: Resistance to sliding plays a significant role in orthodontic tooth movement by impeding the orthodontic force delivery. During the force delivery, the orthodontic bracket-wire interactions contribute to the resistance to sliding. The bracket wire interface is constituted by a 3-dimensional relationship, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd orders, between the wire and bracket. Past literature has focused predominantly on the effect of 2nd order and environmental factors on resistance to sliding. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of 3rd order bracket-archwire interactions together with the effect of environmental conditions have on resistance to sliding. Methods: A three-bracket system was used to measure the resistance to sliding with five 3rd-order angles (-14°, -7°, 0°, +7°, and +14°) under three environments (dry, de-ionized water, and saliva-like solution). The three-bracket system plate was then mounted onto an Instron Universal Testing System with a straight 0.019”x0.025” stainless-steel wire and was then pulled. The maximal and average resistance to sliding values of 115 samples were then recorded. Data was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA. A post hoc Tukey analysis was used for pair-wise comparisons after significant results of the two-way ANOVA. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed that third-order angulation and environmental condition had significant independent effects on both maximal and average resistance to sliding, while no significant interaction was observed. Third-order angulation exhibited a large effect size. Post hoc analysis revealed significant pairwise differences under dry conditions, particularly across 0°, 7°, and 14° angulations. Conclusions: Third-order bracket-archwire angulation in dry environmental conditions significantly influenced resistance to sliding. These findings suggest that third-order engagement may influence the mechanical behavior of the bracket-archwire interface and, consequentially, force transmission during sliding mechanics in dry conditions.

Disciplines

Dentistry

Keywords

Bracket-Archwire Interaction; Environmental Factor; Orthodontics; Resistance to Sliding; Third-Order

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