Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Document Type

Thesis - NSU Access Only

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.) in Dentistry

Copyright Statement

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.

Department

College of Dental Medicine

First Advisor

Chin Yu Lin

Date of original Performance / Presentation

January 2023

Publication Date / Copyright Date

1-1-2023

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the trends of available metrics and directions of reported outcomes in orthodontic treatment as published in case reports in AJODO. Background: Clinicians often find themselves reviewing case reports to understand unique clinical situations. Case reports are viewed as the first line of evidence for patient care and in the field of orthodontics, these are easily accessible in the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO). The AJO-DO sets out guidelines for case reports which includes: the uniqueness of the case, the completeness of the records, the quality of the records, the quality of the treatment, and the quality of the manuscript.1 There are several outcomes of orthodontic treatment which clinicians use to evaluate the success of their treatment. These include improving function and esthetics while providing a healthy and stable result. According to the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO)2 and previous research completed by Björk3,4, Tweed5, De La Cruz6, Ricketts7 and others, these outcomes can be measured with various metrics. Some of these metrics include: the mandibular plane angle, arch form, intercanine distance, intermolar distance, lower incisor position, ideal overjet and overbite, class I canine relationship, class I molar relationship, and lip position. The ABO utilizes a set of cephalometric norms to evaluate pre-treatment goals and post-treatment outcomes, the overall treatment goal is to either achieve the ideal norm or show improvement in the direction toward the norm. Using the previously mentioned metrics, this study reviewed published case reports to evaluate if there is a trend of outcome directions between finished cases in AJO-DO by using the generally accepted orthodontic knowledges. The goal is to see if the published cases are in sync with the progress of knowledge since 1966. The approach of this study is innovative itself as it is the first to evaluate the outcome directions in case reports for a long term. This study will evaluate the trends, if any, in reported records metrics and reported outcomes from the 1966 to 2021 refereed literature. The findings from this study can inform orthodontics professionals about what aspects of orthodontic case reports are lacking compared to the changes in knowledge over time. Materials and Methods: This study screened the published articles of case reports on PubMed from the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO) dated from 1966 to 2021. AJO-DO was chosen because it is the official scientific journal of the American Association of Orthodontists (AAO). The years 1966 – 2021 were selected as PubMed only has published articles from AJO-DO dating back to 1966, and this timeframe includes the most recent five-year interval year of 2021. Published information about the metrics listed above will be investigated. In the last few decades, several methods have been developed to assess orthodontic treatment outcomes; however, the majority of these are limited to an assessment of occlusion.8 As technology and treatment modalities evolve, it is expected that indicators to evaluate treatment are not limited to the assessment of occlusion but also include measures of hard and soft tissue relationships, iatrogenic changes, long-term stability, patient satisfaction, and patient compliance. Results: There is an increasing positive trend for reported records from 1966 to 2021. There is a positive trend of positive reported outcomes in mandibular plane angle, lower incisor position, ideal overjet and overbite, class I cuspid relationship, class I molar relationship, and lip position. Mostly, there was no report in arch form, intercanine distance, and intermolar distance. Conclusions: From 1966 to 2021, there was an overall increasing trend in reported records according to the metrics that were examined in this study. The overall trend for positive reported outcomes was increasing as well from 1966 to 2021.

Disciplines

Dentistry

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