Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Document Type

Thesis - NSU Access Only

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.) in Dentistry

Copyright Statement

All rights reserved. This publication is intended for use solely by faculty, students, and staff of Nova Southeastern University. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, now known or later developed, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author or the publisher.

Department

College of Dental Medicine

First Advisor

Diana Bronstein

Date of original Performance / Presentation

January 2019

Publication Date / Copyright Date

1-1-2019

Abstract

Objective. The effectiveness of 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) in reducing bacterial colonization of the internal aspect of dental implants and the adjacent sulcus, and early marginal bone level changes (MBL), were evaluated. Background. Bacteria colonize the internal aspect of dental implants and seed bacterial communication through the implant-abutment-interface (IAI), which may influence initiation of peri-implantitis and marginal bone level changes. Methods. Thirty implants (Astra Tech EV, Dentsply) were placed with one-stage surgical technique in this randomized controlled prospective clinical study. Implants were divided into test or control groups via coin toss randomization. The test group had the implant cavity irrigated with 0.12% CHX and the control group received sterile saline irrigation before healing abutment fixation. Radiographs were taken with long-cone paralleling technique. Ninety days (average of 91.6 days) after implant placement, microbial samples were taken from the implant sulcus and implant cavity, and radiographs were analyzed for MBL changes. Samples were overnighted for genomic DNA extraction and testing for 10 species and 1 genus of bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Bacteria were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results. Bacterial colonization of the implant sulcus and implant cavity with periodontal pathogens was noted in both the test and control groups at the time of microbial sample collection. The most prevalent bacteria were Tannerella forsythia, Peptostreptococcus micros, Eikenella corrodens, and Capnocytophaga species. Similar bacteria between the implant sulcus and cavity were observed in the overwhelming majority of samples (623/638). Bacteria were observed less frequently in the test group compared to the control group, but not at a statistically significant level. Fisher’s Exact tests were used (p-value <0.05) to evaluate marginal bone level changes. More MBL change was noted for implants in the control group than the test group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. CHX irrigation of the implant cavity at the time of surgery may reduce marginal bone level changes and bacterial colonization. Grants. Funding provided by Nova Southeastern University, Health Professions Division.

Disciplines

Dentistry

Keywords

Chlorhexidine; Conical Connection; Dentsply Astra EV; Implant-Abutment-Interface (IAI); Marginal Bone Level (MBL); Microbial Sampling

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