Title

The gut microbiome of exudivorous marmosets in the wild and captivity

Authors

Joanna Malukiewicz, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; Universidade de São Paulo
Reed Cartwright, Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus
Jorge A. Dergam, Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Claudia S. Igayara, Guarulhos Municipal Zoo
Sharon E. Kessler, University of Stirling
Silvia B. Moreira, Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro
Leanne T. Nash, Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus
Patricia A. Nicola, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco
Luiz C. M. Pereira, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco
Alcides Pissinatti, Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro
Carlos R. Ruiz-Miranda, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense
Andrew T. Ozga, Nova Southeastern UniversityFollow
Adriana A. Quirino, Universidade Federal do Vale do, Sao Francisco
Christian Roos, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research
Daniel L. Silva, Federal University of Ouro Preto
Anne C. Stone, Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus
Adriana D. Grativol, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-23-2022

Publication Title

Scientific Reports

ISSN

2045-2322

Volume

12

Issue/No.

5049

Abstract

Mammalian captive dietary specialists like folivores are prone to gastrointestinal distress and primate dietary specialists suffer the greatest gut microbiome diversity losses in captivity compared to the wild. Marmosets represent another group of dietary specialists, exudivores that eat plant exudates, but whose microbiome remains relatively less studied. The common occurrence of gastrointestinal distress in captive marmosets prompted us to study the Callithrix gut microbiome composition and predictive function through bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA V4 region sequencing. We sampled 59 wild and captive Callithrix across four species and their hybrids. Host environment had a stronger effect on the gut microbiome than host taxon. Wild Callithrix gut microbiomes were enriched for Bifidobacterium, which process host-indigestible carbohydrates. Captive marmoset guts were enriched for Enterobacteriaceae, a family containing pathogenic bacteria. While gut microbiome function was similar across marmosets, Enterobacteriaceae seem to carry out most functional activities in captive host guts. More diverse bacterial taxa seem to perform gut functions in wild marmosets, with Bifidobacterium being important for carbohydrate metabolism. Captive marmosets showed gut microbiome composition aspects seen in human gastrointestinal diseases. Thus, captivity may perturb the exudivore gut microbiome, which raises implications for captive exudivore welfare and calls for husbandry modifications.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

NSUWorks Citation

Malukiewicz, Joanna; Reed Cartwright; Jorge A. Dergam; Claudia S. Igayara; Sharon E. Kessler; Silvia B. Moreira; Leanne T. Nash; Patricia A. Nicola; Luiz C. M. Pereira; Alcides Pissinatti; Carlos R. Ruiz-Miranda; Andrew T. Ozga; Adriana A. Quirino; Christian Roos; Daniel L. Silva; Anne C. Stone; and Adriana D. Grativol. 2022. "The gut microbiome of exudivorous marmosets in the wild and captivity." Scientific Reports 12, (5049). doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08797-7.

ORCID ID

0000-0003-4540-7106

ResearcherID

D-1147-2018

DOI

10.1038/s41598-022-08797-7