Interpersonal and Psychological Correlates of Marital Dissatisfaction in Late Life: A Review

Author(s)

Michelle D. Gagnon, Nova Southeastern UniversityFollow
Michel Hersen, Nova Southeastern University
Robert I. Kabacoff, Nova Southeastern University
Vincent B. Van Hasselt, Nova Southeastern UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-1999

Publication Title

Clinical Psychology Review

Volume

19

Issue/Number

3

First Page

359

ISSN

0272-7358

Last Page

378

Abstract/Excerpt

Developmental studies suggest that marital quality improves in old age (e.g., Guilford & Bengtson, 1979). However, many of the studies are replete with sampling biases that probably led to an overinflated positive report of marital satisfaction in older adults. Our review evaluated contemporary studies that have investigated interpersonal and psychological factors associated with dissatisfaction in long-term marriages. Recent investigations indicate that older marriages benefit from lower levels of conflict and greater sources of mutual pleasure following child-rearing cessation. Studies of social support in long-term marriages suggest that perceptions of spousal support are more strongly related to marital satisfaction and general well-being for older women than for men. A few investigations have found a significant relationship between depression and marital discord in older adult samples, and the causal flow between these two variables appears to be unidirectional in that depression has a detrimental impact on late-life marital quality. Indeed, depression has been found to mediate the link between many age-related stressors (e.g., ill health, retirement) and declines in marital adjustment. However, our preliminary analysis of marital adjustment within a depressed, older adult, outpatient sample of married individuals did not confirm statistically that marital discord is associated with depressive symptomatology. This, in part, was attributed to the very narrow range of older adults sampled (i.e., clinic patients suffering from depression). However, the majority of depressives characterized their marriages as discordant. The implications for these findings are discussed and future directions are offered.

DOI

10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00048-2

NSUWorks Citation

Gagnon, M. D., Hersen, M., Kabacoff, R. I., Van Hasselt, V. B. (1999). Interpersonal and Psychological Correlates of Marital Dissatisfaction in Late Life: A Review. Clinical Psychology Review, 19(3), 359-378.
Available at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_facarticles/697