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Abstract

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a commercially available energy drink (Ghost®) compared to a caffeine-matched control on measures of mental and physical performance.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind design, 62 participants were assigned to receive either the energy drink (Ghost®) or a caffeine-matched control (200 mg caffeine). Assessments were conducted at baseline and approximately 45 minutes post-ingestion, including the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), CNS Tap Test, handgrip strength, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS).

Results: Participant demographics are presented in Table 1. No significant between-group differences were observed for any performance measures. Both groups showed improvements in total mood disturbance scores, while only the energy drink group demonstrated significant improvement on the CNS Tap Test. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups on any outcome measures.

Conclusion: Both the energy drink and the caffeine-matched control led to improvements in total mood disturbance scores. Additionally, the energy drink group showed a significant within-group improvement on the CNS Tap Test. However, no significant differences were observed between the groups across any of the measured outcomes. These findings suggest that the observed effects are likely attributable to caffeine alone, rather than to any unique ingredients of the energy drink.

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