HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
Defense Date
11-12-2015
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
M.S. Marine Biology
First Advisor
Jose V Lopez
Second Advisor
Patricia Blackwelder
Third Advisor
Cristina Maria Diaz
Abstract
The Marine sponge Cinachyrella sp used in this study are commonly found in offshore South Florida and Caribbean waters and appeared to be resilient in closed system aquaculture. Marine sponges host diverse bacterial symbionts that are distinct compared to bacteria found in ambient seawater, however the roles of a large fraction of the bacterial community in marine sponges are unknown. Comparison of symbiotic to aposymbiotic (bacteria-free) sponges could provide information about interactions (metabolic and physiologic) between the bacteria and sponge. In this study, a single Cinachyrella kuekenthali individual was subsectioned into explants (N=240) in order to provide identical bacterial communities to perform comparative studies. Presence of photosymbionts was also analyzed by characterizing bacterial communities from varying light and dark conditions. Tools for characterization included transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and 16S rRNA sequence analysis obtained from Illumina Miseq. High throughput DNA sequencing revealed bacterial taxa belonging to phyla Thaumarchaeota, Chloroflexi, Nitrospira, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia persist in the explants. This study also demonstrated that antibiotics (Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Penicillin-Streptomycin and combination of all) can alter the bacterial community in the marine sponge C. kuekenthali explants in vitro. Bacterial communities of explants treated with different antibiotics were statistically (Unifrac and Bray-Curtis analysis) different from controls (p-value < 0.001, R2=41%). Penicillin-streptomycin and cocktail of antibiotics treatment contributed to the highest difference in the bacterial communities. Also, bacterial communities of explants at difference time points treated with corresponding antibiotics were also statistically significant (p-value<0.05, R2=15%). TEM observations of denatured nucleic acid and osmotic lysis of bacteria, due to the effect of antibiotics were observed, creating a LMA mesohyl. However light versus dark conditions did not produce any statistically significant difference in beta diversity between bacterial communities. These interdisciplinary results indicate that while individual bacterial symbiont taxa may persist after community disruption, significant changes in the overall composition of the bacterial symbiont population can be created
NSUWorks Citation
Nidhi Vijayan. 2015. Bacterial Community Dynamics In Marine Sponge Cinachyrella kuekenthali Under Irradiance and Antibiotics. Master's thesis. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, . (393)
https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/393.