Entrapment Efficiency of the Carbomer Interpolymer Type B with Different Drug Molecules in Different Solvents

Kwadwo A. Mfoafo, Nova Southeastern University
Rand Ahmad, Nova Southeastern University
Hamid Omidian, Nova Southeastern University

Abstract

Objective: Determine the entrapment efficiency of the carbomer interpolymer type B (CITB) with cationic and neutral drugs in different types of solvents. Background: CITB is a hydrophobically-modified poly(acrylic acid) polymer that can entrap cationic and non-ionic drugs via electrostatic complexation and hydrophobic association, respectively. This study evaluated the carbomer’s entrapment efficiency with a cationic model drug (dextromethorphan HBr, DEX, representing the electrostatic interaction) and a non-ionic model drug (acetaminophen, APAP, representing the hydrophobic interaction) in different solvents (water, saline, 40% v/v ethanol, vinegar). Methods: Dextromethorphan and acetaminophen were blended with CITB (1:8 ratio) in 10 mL solvent. The preparations were centrifuged and the drug percentage in the supernatant was determined (UV spectrophotometer). The percentage of the entrapped drug was calculated using a mass balance. The sediments after centrifugation were analyzed (DSC, 25–350 °C @ 10 °C/min.) to confirm CITB-drug entrapment. Results: The DSC thermograms showed that CITB could entrap cationic and non-ionic drug molecules. On the other hand, the UV spectroscopic analysis showed that higher entrapment was obtained with DEX as compared with APAP in all the examined solvents. 63% DEX entrapment versus 19% APAP entrapment in water, 28% versus 7% in 40% ethanol, 51% versus 12% in saline, and 43% versus 8% in vinegar. Furthermore, the results indicated the higher sensitivity of the DEX-CITB entrapment to the solvent type. Conclusion: The entrapment efficiency of CITB is significantly affected by the ionic nature of the drug molecule to be entrapped and the type of solvent. Grants: NSU Grant 335081.

 
Feb 21st, 8:30 AM Feb 21st, 4:00 PM

Entrapment Efficiency of the Carbomer Interpolymer Type B with Different Drug Molecules in Different Solvents

Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida, USA

Objective: Determine the entrapment efficiency of the carbomer interpolymer type B (CITB) with cationic and neutral drugs in different types of solvents. Background: CITB is a hydrophobically-modified poly(acrylic acid) polymer that can entrap cationic and non-ionic drugs via electrostatic complexation and hydrophobic association, respectively. This study evaluated the carbomer’s entrapment efficiency with a cationic model drug (dextromethorphan HBr, DEX, representing the electrostatic interaction) and a non-ionic model drug (acetaminophen, APAP, representing the hydrophobic interaction) in different solvents (water, saline, 40% v/v ethanol, vinegar). Methods: Dextromethorphan and acetaminophen were blended with CITB (1:8 ratio) in 10 mL solvent. The preparations were centrifuged and the drug percentage in the supernatant was determined (UV spectrophotometer). The percentage of the entrapped drug was calculated using a mass balance. The sediments after centrifugation were analyzed (DSC, 25–350 °C @ 10 °C/min.) to confirm CITB-drug entrapment. Results: The DSC thermograms showed that CITB could entrap cationic and non-ionic drug molecules. On the other hand, the UV spectroscopic analysis showed that higher entrapment was obtained with DEX as compared with APAP in all the examined solvents. 63% DEX entrapment versus 19% APAP entrapment in water, 28% versus 7% in 40% ethanol, 51% versus 12% in saline, and 43% versus 8% in vinegar. Furthermore, the results indicated the higher sensitivity of the DEX-CITB entrapment to the solvent type. Conclusion: The entrapment efficiency of CITB is significantly affected by the ionic nature of the drug molecule to be entrapped and the type of solvent. Grants: NSU Grant 335081.